Genetically Modified Crops in India: The Bt Brinjal Controversy
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ICMR HOME | Case Studies Collection
Case Details:
Case Code : BENV017
Case Length : 15 Pages
Period : 2006-2008
Pub Date : 2008
Teaching Note :Not Available
Organization : Monsanto Holdings P Ltd
Industry : Agricultural biotechnology
Countries : India
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Please note:
This case study was compiled from published sources, and is intended to be used as a basis for class discussion. It is not intended to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a management situation. Nor is it a primary information source.
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Excerpts
The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
The Cartagena Protocol (CP) was negotiated under the Convention of Biodiversity (CBD). The CBD was adopted in 1992 at the United Nations Conference for Environment and Development. The main objectives of the CBD are conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of resources, and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources...
The Cartagena Protocol in India
In India, a sizeable population is dependent on agriculture, which itself is
dependent on the monsoon and the availability of appropriate material inputs,
including seeds. The farmers are generally ready to try out any new technology
to improve yield and returns as is evident from what happened during the Green
Revolution days . However, the adverse impact of the Green Revolution is now
coming to light in the form of mono-cropping, loss of local cultivars or land
races, imbalances in soil nutrients, and excessive use of fertilizers and
pesticides, which have affected soil productivity and the returns from
agriculture...
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Transgenes in India
A transgenic crop, Bt cotton was for the first time introduced in India in 2002.
In 2002, three varieties of Bt cotton hybrids promoted by Mahyco-Monsanto (Mech
12 Bt, Mech 162 Bt, Mech 184 Bt) were approved for commercialization in 6 states
of India (Refer to Table I for Bt cotton Development by Mahyco-Monsanto in India
- A Timeline)...
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Status of Bt Brinjal
Brinjal is an important and indigenous vegetable crop
in India. The major brinjal producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Orissa,
Bihar, Assam, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and
Karnataka. The production of brinjal in the year 2005-06 was 9,136,300
metric tons (MT) from an area of 553,300 hectares (HA).
Two Sides of the Brinjal Story
Some analysts are of the opinion that since the cultivation and consumption of brinjal in India is extensive, the commercialization of Bt brinjal will have significant economic implications for the farmers... |
Exhibits
Exhibit I: Recombinant DNA Molecule Technique
Exhibit II: Salient Features of the Cartagena Protocol
Exhibit III: Article 6, 8 and 25 from the Environmental Protection Act, 1986
Exhibit IV: Protocol for Release of Transgenic Crop
Exhibit V: Transgenic Crops under Development and Field Trials in India
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